tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-76057211960088767062024-03-05T14:11:24.819-08:00Amazon Andes - Healty | Sustainable | Fair We are a company that produces and commercializes natural products and functional foods derived from our native Peruvian biodiversity. Our products are certified organic, quality, processes, fair trade, besides being ambassadors of the Peru brand. Amazon Andes brand, present in more than 35 countries. AMAZON ANDEShttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17279372953880676650noreply@blogger.comBlogger5125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7605721196008876706.post-8353202325866639672023-03-14T09:17:00.001-07:002023-03-14T09:17:51.863-07:00Benefits and properties of black maca (Lepidium meyenii)<p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Black maca</b> is a type of maca root that has several health benefits. It is rich in calcium, which helps increase bone density and keep bones healthy. <a href="https://www.amazon-andes.com/product-category/organic-capsules/buy-maca-lepidium-meyenii/" target="_blank">Black maca</a> also contains high levels of protein, which assists with muscle growth and increases strength and energy levels. It can help improve mood, stamina, and overall performance. Additionally, black maca can help with hair loss by promoting hair growth and preventing hair loss.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Maca root in general has several other health benefits. It is a cruciferous vegetable related to broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and kale. <b><a href="https://www.amazon-andes.com/product-item/maca-supplier-wholesale-bulk/" target="_blank">Maca root</a></b> can be ground up into a powder and added to meals or smoothies. Some of the benefits of maca root include increasing libido, reducing erectile dysfunction, boosting energy and endurance, increasing fertility, improving mood, reducing blood pressure, helping the body manage stress, helping with depression, leading to increased energy levels and helping with symptoms of perimenopause and menopause.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Maca root has been used for over 2,000 years by Andean people who have cultivated it in the harsh weather conditions above 4,000 meters (13,123 feet) in the Peruvian Andes mountain range. While more research is needed to confirm its health benefits as many studies used small sample sizes or animal models, it is generally considered safe for most people when consumed in moderate amounts. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV0GVNL4tFReEL7gHVP_OhPOcpZ-jWYQ2Tr9wtjG7yQpFbV44nFaa7GytWEaHJRU2y6lLxy3pw2bcHsIvOLy4vZg78HverpdXMb4FKN1TFAwSgipnOyoLF0KzFBE8WxJa8n2OSCndoIGuWUBWxLDrW3nP5QJB28x5JXKZTuTIIlrUBtiHf7yI_1INRQw/s1199/black-maca-red-maca-amazon-andes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="469" data-original-width="1199" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV0GVNL4tFReEL7gHVP_OhPOcpZ-jWYQ2Tr9wtjG7yQpFbV44nFaa7GytWEaHJRU2y6lLxy3pw2bcHsIvOLy4vZg78HverpdXMb4FKN1TFAwSgipnOyoLF0KzFBE8WxJa8n2OSCndoIGuWUBWxLDrW3nP5QJB28x5JXKZTuTIIlrUBtiHf7yI_1INRQw/w526-h205/black-maca-red-maca-amazon-andes.jpg" width="526" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b>How does black maca compare to other types of maca</b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">The different types of Maca have different <b>properties and benefits</b>. Black maca is considered masculine and supports male sexual health. Both red and black maca have been shown to have a positive effect on bone density, with the red variety proving more beneficial. <a href="https://www.amazon-andes.com/product-category/organic-capsules/buy-maca-lepidium-meyenii/" target="_blank"><b>Black maca</b></a> is the rarest form of maca, accounting for only 10-15% of the crop. Studies have shown that black maca root has a higher bioactive compound content than yellow maca, but slightly less than red maca. Research has also shown that the black and red maca can improve libido and bone health, while the yellow maca has not shown these effects.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhUyXlwQedArRIC-6u9yPzKTUC4yiBClAOTyZC6ZcssddyAvMi78EDS5NFqHXy_UwA2rasDVRQ0ihwLOHnEfoMcLeuPTYgzBOTQ9goG0i74WH4kPj43xFlpnqfsL49Rr9GPMCSgO4RTOxHtopFI2gnACuZV99RJvQqtkzCN5fz779JfnZ_vze4jL5ERA/s1200/black-maca.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="360" data-original-width="1200" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhUyXlwQedArRIC-6u9yPzKTUC4yiBClAOTyZC6ZcssddyAvMi78EDS5NFqHXy_UwA2rasDVRQ0ihwLOHnEfoMcLeuPTYgzBOTQ9goG0i74WH4kPj43xFlpnqfsL49Rr9GPMCSgO4RTOxHtopFI2gnACuZV99RJvQqtkzCN5fz779JfnZ_vze4jL5ERA/w534-h160/black-maca.jpg" width="534" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b>In what presentations can we find black maca?</b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><br /></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Black maca root can be found in various presentations, including <a href="https://www.amazon-andes.com/product/organic-black-maca-capsules/" target="_blank"><b>pills</b></a>, <a href="https://www.amazon-andes.com/product/organic-black-maca-powder/" target="_blank"><b>powder</b></a>, and hydro alcoholic extract.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">References:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><i>PMC /NIH / Healthline / Medicalnewstoday / Forbes</i></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><br /><br /><p></p>AMAZON ANDEShttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17279372953880676650noreply@blogger.com0Estados Unidos37.09024 -95.71289122.689547071414111 -113.291016 51.490932928585892 -78.134766tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7605721196008876706.post-4746920567278801422017-09-19T12:07:00.001-07:002017-09-19T12:07:02.930-07:00Peruvian organic cacao criollo <br />
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Peruvian criollo cacao</div>
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More information in <a href="http://www.amazon-andes.com/" target="_blank">www.amazon-andes.com</a></div>
AMAZON ANDEShttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17279372953880676650noreply@blogger.com0Piura, Perú-5.1782884 -80.654888200000016-5.3047964 -80.816249700000014 -5.0517803999999993 -80.493526700000018tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7605721196008876706.post-1956279954973054362016-12-27T06:30:00.001-08:002016-12-27T07:41:50.609-08:00Differentiation of the amazonian chocolate tree (theobroma cacao L)<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN">Cacao is cultivated in the humid tropics and is a major source of currency
for small farmers as well as the main cash crop of several West African
countries. Its fruits (pods) contain the seeds (beans) that are later processed
by the multi-billion-dollar chocolate industry. Average yields are about 300 kg
per hectare but 3,000 kg/ha are often reported from field trials. Genetic
improvement of cacao through breeding has focused on increasing yield and
disease resistance. To increase yield, breeders have capitalized on heterosis
that occurs in crosses between trees from different genetic groups. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgveDmOAGOVr8y11nv1FMss4CFBwO-hOTJvpfygq1WR-Lk5LVZVzDlbJGmsACIAZkLEA_JCxptJ0etnxXqB_SwjSJtyPsAeZ0HH7rQgPiuZ3Ul9ZUHWZVtFXcse1AMtanaWZ4qmYh5Za7fK/s1600/cacao+native+tree.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgveDmOAGOVr8y11nv1FMss4CFBwO-hOTJvpfygq1WR-Lk5LVZVzDlbJGmsACIAZkLEA_JCxptJ0etnxXqB_SwjSJtyPsAeZ0HH7rQgPiuZ3Ul9ZUHWZVtFXcse1AMtanaWZ4qmYh5Za7fK/s400/cacao+native+tree.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Cacao native tree</b></td></tr>
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<span lang="EN">Traditionally, two main genetic groups, “Criollo” and “Forastero”, have
been defined within cacao based on morphological traits and geographical
origins. A third group, “Trinitario”, has been recognized and consists of
“Criollo”דForastero” hybrids. In parallel, botanists described two subspecies:
<em><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">cacao</span></em> and <em><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">sphaeorocarpum</span></em>, corresponding to
“Criollo” and “Forastero”, which, according to some authors, evolved in Central
and South America, respectively. For other authors, “Criollo” and “Trinitario”
should be considered as traditional cultivars rather than genetic groups. Two
other traditional cultivars have been described: Nacional and Amelonado.
Nonetheless, a sound classification of <em><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Theobroma cacao</span></em>
L. populations, based on genetic data, is lacking for the breeding and
management of its genetic resources.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0rbpXyCfzVvK_KxvU65u71HZMk9cfvpbVxnJC7rKhVEzdlyFJJG0lRWpV99AJV86tUULcG6s_p1UdGs-j8UT6faCNOov_Xy1SrBwcUOwWSGywgtzTsIJv8FnILh78N0CUTob9yv1IQSPU/s1600/tipes+cacao.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0rbpXyCfzVvK_KxvU65u71HZMk9cfvpbVxnJC7rKhVEzdlyFJJG0lRWpV99AJV86tUULcG6s_p1UdGs-j8UT6faCNOov_Xy1SrBwcUOwWSGywgtzTsIJv8FnILh78N0CUTob9yv1IQSPU/s400/tipes+cacao.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Diferent types of cacao in Perú</b></td></tr>
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<span lang="EN">The Amazon basin contains some of the most biologically diverse tree
communities ever encountered; tree species richness may attain three hundred
species in one-hectare plots. In cacao, flowers are hermaphrodites. However, it
is an outcrossing species due to the action of self-incompatibility mechanisms
in wild individuals, while the cultivated ones are generally self-compatible.
Other Amazonian species of importance such as <em><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Theobroma
grandiflorum</span></em> show similar mating systems. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span lang="EN">At the end, we can find a new classification of cacao germplasm into 10
major clusters, or groups: Marañon, Curaray, Criollo, Iquitos, Nanay, Contamana,
Amelonado, Purús, Nacional and Guiana. This new classification reflects more
accurately the genetic diversity now available for breeders, rather than the
traditional classification as Criollo, Forastero or Trinitario. We encourage
the establishment of new mating schemes in the search of heterotic combinations
based on the high degree of population differentiation reported. Furthermore,
we propose that germplasm curators and geneticists should use this new
classification in their endeavor to conserve, manage and exploit the cacao
genetic resources. Read more in </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2551746/" target="_blank">Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L)</a></div>
AMAZON ANDEShttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17279372953880676650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7605721196008876706.post-40506442639497975262016-12-13T04:03:00.001-08:002016-12-27T07:45:39.073-08:00The genome sequence of the most widely cultivated cacao type<br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">The cacao tree (Theobroma cacao L.) is a neotropical species native to Amazonian lowland rainforests and is now grown in more than 50 countries throughout the humid tropics. T. cacao is a member of the Malvaceae family, and its beans (seeds), harvested from pods (fruits), are used for the chocolate, confectionery, and cosmetic industries. Cacao production is essential to the livelihoods of 40 to 50 million people worldwide, including the smallholder farmers who cultivate the crop, who number more than 5 million. Cacao-growing regions are also largely centered in important biodiversity hotspots and in proximity to 13 of the world's most biologically diverse regions.<br /><br />Recent molecular analyses have permitted cacao germplasm classification into 10 major clusters or groups: Amelonado, Contamana, Criollo, Curaray, Guiana, Iquitos, Maraňón, Nanay, Nacional, and Purús. Compared with traditional cacao classification schemes, this new system more accurately reflects the genetic diversity available to breeders.<br /><br />Because of its high yield and disease resistance, the most ubiquitous clone in large cacao plantations in Latin America is CCN 51. It is also the optimal parent in many breeding programs, owing to its favorable combining ability for yield. Unfortunately, it has a rather undesirable flavor profile because of its high acidity and astringency, and also because it lacks desirable floral aromas.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ7UxdxmoSTZa2C7xsEm-x4KSWNOPsHDaofuJNlGezxdKof1FTvfI_qJpcvfyyoRqv3ZcQ_FijRiHlRUwcGi-7MeY61IMCexYeKwsl4KeXexy13fb3RQcG-Ff4l6O7DE4-QRVXS_L5wls6/s1600/IMG_1865.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ7UxdxmoSTZa2C7xsEm-x4KSWNOPsHDaofuJNlGezxdKof1FTvfI_qJpcvfyyoRqv3ZcQ_FijRiHlRUwcGi-7MeY61IMCexYeKwsl4KeXexy13fb3RQcG-Ff4l6O7DE4-QRVXS_L5wls6/s400/IMG_1865.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>CCN 51 tree</b></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br />On the other hand, the genome sequence of a Criollo genotype was recently reported. Although this cacao type is genetically distinct, it is a poor representative of the cacao types cultivated worldwide. In an effort to enhance the accuracy and speed of traditional cacao breeding, is sequenced the genome of Matina, a self-compatible and highly homozygous genotype that is more representative of the cacao cultivated worldwide. In conclusion, the theobroma cacao is divided in many group which they will have many characteristics, from the color, flavor, and size of the fruit; all this will depend on the type of plant, genotype that has or type of soil on which it was cultivated. However, cacao will be one of the organic products most bought in the world, for its different uses.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Read more in </span><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4053823/" target="_blank">The genome sequence of the most widely cultivated cacao type and its use to identify candidate genes regulating pod color</a></span></div>
AMAZON ANDEShttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17279372953880676650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7605721196008876706.post-56301362190516710022016-12-03T18:33:00.001-08:002016-12-27T07:50:14.268-08:00Genetic Diversity of Theobroma cacaon<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Cocoa or cacao (Theobroma cacao) is native to the South American rainforest, but it is thought to have been domesticated in southern Mexico and the northern Central American region. The hypothesized centre of genetic diversity is located in the upper Amazonian region. It is also well known that the Peruvian Amazon harbours a large number of diverse cocoa populations. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br />During the past several decades, several expeditions have been made and a substantial amount of germplasm, from both wild populations and cultivated accessions, has been collected from this region. Today, a fraction of these accessions are maintained as ex-situ collections in various countries.<br /><br />The first organized cocoa germplasm collecting expedition in the Peruvian Amazon started in 1937–1938. And the collecting sites included Rio Nanay, Rio Morona, Rio Marañón and their tributaries. This led to the establishment of the germplasm collection in Iquitos, Peru known as the ‘Pound Collection’, named after the collector F. J. Pound. Many commercial clones, now called ‘International clones’, have their origin in this collection.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjztbfFx6NH-j0uM1OZnID2Ghn-1ylY9_Tcb6-kcEP-9hhbwJlG0p9dt-kWMAsNEApBz8BxVCBEMwWMMMrjf6cqIZy11Vh3UYQ509po_lkm7OxA9QKOinkQWXZaAmd-1_CH8QHTDNvu-Shyphenhyphen/s1600/cacao+nativo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjztbfFx6NH-j0uM1OZnID2Ghn-1ylY9_Tcb6-kcEP-9hhbwJlG0p9dt-kWMAsNEApBz8BxVCBEMwWMMMrjf6cqIZy11Vh3UYQ509po_lkm7OxA9QKOinkQWXZaAmd-1_CH8QHTDNvu-Shyphenhyphen/s400/cacao+nativo.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Organic cacao native in Peru</b></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /> Pound's expeditions were aimed at searching for genotypes resistant to witches' broom disease, caused by the fungus Crinipellis perniciosa, and this germplasm has therefore been widely used in breeding programmes as a source of resistance to witches' broom disease.<br /><br />The hypothesis that the Peruvian Amazon hosts a high level of genetic diversity, and the diversity has a spatial structure in the native habitat of cocoa. The introduction of breeding progenies in the rehabilitation programme is changing the cocoa germplasm spectrum in this region. Identifying the patterns of distribution of intraspecific genetic variation can provide data concerning the temporal and special dynamics of this economically important crop, which has not been previously studied in depth at the population level. The spatial structure of cocoa diversity recorded here highlights the need for additional collecting and conservation measures for natural and semi-natural cocoa populations in the Peruvian Amazon. Read more <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3292056/" target="_blank">Genetic Diversity and Structure of Managed and Semi-natural Populations of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) in the Huallaga and Ucayali Valleys of Peru</a></span><br />
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AMAZON ANDEShttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17279372953880676650noreply@blogger.com0